Desert-dwelling snakes inhabit every desert on earth. From the Australian outback to the desert southwest in North America, you can be sure to find at least one species of potentially dangerous snake. Unlike mammals, snakes need little water to survive, and they’re uniquely adapted to life in the desert. Let’s take a closer look at ten of the most interesting snakes that live in the desert.
10. Arizona Coral Snake
The Arizona coral snake is one of the most distinctly colored snakes that live in the desert. They grow to a maximum length of two feet and have brightly colored bands of red, black, and cream marking their bodies. These snakes live in the desert southwest regions of Arizona, New Mexico, and Mexico. Their diet consists mostly of other snakes and lizards. Though small, they have potent venom, and bites require a trip to the hospital.
9. Western Diamondback Rattlesnake
Western diamondback rattlesnakes grow to an average length of five feet but can reach up to seven feet. They have triangular heads, large fangs, and rattles on the tips of their tails. Their bodies are light-brown with diamond-like markings and white and black splotches on their tails. The western diamondback rattlesnake is one of the deadliest snakes in North America. They’re pit vipers and can not only sense heat but deliver a deadly bite that can kill if left untreated. They live throughout the southwestern United States and northern Mexico.
8. Mulga Snake
One of the most deadly snakes that live in the desert, the mulga snake, can grow to nearly ten feet long. They’re all over brown, with lighter undersides and round, red eyes. Males grow much larger than females. Mulga snakes live across Australia and can be found both inland and along the coasts. They primarily feed on small mammals, reptiles, amphibians, birds, and bird eggs. They’re highly venomous and are known to ‘chew’ on their victims as they envenomate them.
7. Horned Adder
Horned adder snakes live in the deserts of southwestern Africa. They’re very small, with the biggest growing to nearly two feet. They have tan-colored bodies with darker brown markings and triangular heads complete with long fangs. Though they’re venomous, bites are extremely rare.
6. Mexican Short-tailed Snake
These short snakes are some of the least known of all snakes that live in the desert. They’re found only in the deserts of Mexico. They grow to a maximum length of 20 inches and have thick bodies with short tail sections. Their bodies are characterized by alternating black and creme bands.
5. Sonoran Gopher Snake
The Sonoran gopher snake is a type of desert-dwelling gopher snake native to the southwestern United States. They can grow up to six feet long and bear a striking resemblance to the much more dangerous rattlesnake. Unfortunately, this leads to many Sonoran gopher snakes being killed by fearful humans. They have distinct diamond-like markings along their bodies, but lack rattles.
4. Desert Horned Viper
The desert horned viper gets its name from the horn-like scales above its eyes. They live in the deserts of North Africa and the middle east. As members of the viper family, they’re highly venomous, but grow only to a short three feet long. They have heavy, triangular heads with sand-colored bodies covered in darker brown bands.
3. Thornscrub Hook-nose Snake
Though not well-known, these snakes are perhaps one of the most intricately colored and patterned of all snakes that live in the desert. They grow just over a foot long and have red, black, and white markings over their bodies. They live only in northern Mexico and southern Arizona.
2. Sidewinder Rattlesnake
The sidewinder is one of the deadliest snakes that live in the desert. They’re common throughout the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. They can be distinguished from similar, but less dangerous snakes by the presence of heat pits behind their nostrils, large fangs, and rattles.
1. Inland Taipan
Number one on our list of snakes that live in the desert is commonly known as the most venomous snake in the world. The inland taipan, despite its reputation and deadly bite, would much rather hide, or flee from humans, than bite. They live in the deserts of central and east Australia. Inland taipans range in color from sand-colored to dark-brown, depending on the time of year. They can grow to nearly six feet in length, making them one of the largest desert snakes on our list. Unlike some desert-dwelling snakes, the inland taipan eats only small to medium-sized mammals—no birds, reptiles, or amphibians.
